Title: Intravenous Lipid Emulsion for Cardiac Toxicity
题目：静脉脂肪乳与可卡因的心肌中毒
Author 作者: Semhar Tewelde

-Common life-threatening cardiovascular effects of cocaine intoxication include tachydysrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, myocardial ischemia, and infarction.
-可卡因常见的具有生命危险的心血管效应包括：快速性心率紊乱，室颤，心肌缺血，和心肌梗塞。
-Emergency management of acute cocaine intoxication relies mainly on supportive and symptomatic treatment, w/liberal use of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonists such as benzodiazepines.
-急性可卡因中毒的急诊抢救主要依赖于支持和改善症状，及随意应用γ-氨基丁酸受体兴奋剂，如苯二氮卓类药物。
-Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy has been used successfully to treat cardiac toxicity associated with a variety of lipid-soluble drugs, such as local anesthetics, calcium/beta-blockers, tricyclic anti-depressants, and cocaine. 
-静脉脂肪乳已被成功地用来治疗许多脂肪可溶性药物的心肌毒性，如局部麻醉剂，钙／β受体阻滞剂，三环抗忧郁药，和可卡因。
-The current hypothesis, called the “lipid sink” hypothesis, suggest that ILE infusion creates an expanded lipid phase in the plasma that absorbs the circulating lipophilic toxin and decreases the amount of free unbound toxin available to bind to the myocardium.
-目前所谓的“脂肪库”假设理论，提出静脉脂肪乳注射将增加吸收循环中亲脂性毒素的血浆脂质量，进而减少可能与心肌结合的游离的毒素量。
-When life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (e.g. wide-complex tachycardia/prolonged QT) are not amenable to standard therapy (e.g. sodium bicarbonate/magnesium) consider ILE as a potential option to the current algorithm. 
-当危及生命的心脏心律紊乱（如宽QRS室速／QT延长）对常规治疗（碳酸氢钠和镁）无效时，可考虑将静脉脂肪乳做为一个新的大有希望的治疗方案。

References 参考文献
Arora N, Berk W, et al. Usefulness of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion for Cardiac Toxicity from Cocaine Overdose. The American Journal of Cardiology. Volume 111, Issue 3. Feb 2013.