Title: Listeria Infection
题目：李斯特菌感染
Author 作者: Andrea Tenner

General Information 一般资料:
Listeria can cause serious infections in vulnerable groups: adults >65 years old, pregnant women, newborns, immunocompromised
李斯特菌在易感人群中能引起严重感染：65岁以上的成年人，孕妇，新生儿，免疫功能低下
In a recent CDC report, infection with Listeria was associated with a 20% mortality rate.
在最近的疾病控制中心(CDC)报告中，李斯特氏菌感染的死亡率可达20％
Clinical Presentation 临床表现:
History of cantaloupe, soft cheese, or raw produce ingestion
食用香瓜，软奶酪，或生农产品病史
Non-specific symptoms: fever, myalgias, occasionally preceded by GI symptoms
非特异性症状：发热，肌痛，之前有可能偶尔出现胃肠道症状
Can have headache, stiff neck, confusion, AMS, miscarriage or stillbirth in pregnant women
可出现头痛，颈项强直，神志不清，神志改变，孕妇流产或死胎
Diagnosis 诊断:
Blood, CSF, or amniotic fluid culture showing Listeria monocytogenes
血液，脑脊液，或羊水培养出单核细胞李斯特氏菌
Listeria is a reportable disease
李斯特氏菌是一种要上报的疾病
Treatment 治疗方法:
Ampicillin and Penicillin G are the drugs of choice
氨苄青霉素，青霉素G为首选药物
Add gentamycin in CSF infection, endocarditis, the immunocompromised, and neonates.
如有脑脊液感染，心内膜炎，或免疫功能低下，新生儿应添加庆大霉素
Bottom Line 要点:
Listeria infections have a high mortality rate and can be found worldwide.  Suspect in patients who have febrile syndromes and travel to areas where they may consume unpasteurized cheese.
李斯特菌感染死亡率高，可以在世界各地出现。对食用未经高温消毒的奶酪的并有发烧症状的旅游者，要怀疑有此病
References 参考文献：
Older Americans, pregnant women face highest risk from Listeria food poisoning. http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2013/p0604-listeria-poisoning.html
http://www.cdc.gov/listeria