Title: Back Pain
题目：背痛

Author 作者: Brian Corwell
翻译：葛赟 校对：肖锋

Back pain accounts for more than 2.6 million visits。
背痛超过了260万急诊量。
30% of ED patients receive X-rays as part of their evaluation。
30%的急诊患者接受X线摄片作为评估的一部分。
Imaging can be avoided in a majority of these patients by focusing on high risks (red flags) findings in the history and physical exam.
如果通过病史和体格检查（警号）筛选出高危人群，这些病人当中的大部分影像能够避免。
Patients who can identify an acute inciting event without direct trauma likely have a MSK source of pain.
能够断定非创伤急性发作的急诊患者的背痛很可能是肌肉骨骼原因。
Imaging rarely alters management
影像很少能改变治疗方案。
Attempt to avoid imaging in patients with nonspecific lower back pain of less than 6 weeks duration, with a normal neurologic exam and without high risk findings (fever, cancer, IVDA, bowel or bladder incontinence, age greater than 70, saddle anesthesia, etc)
对于满足下列情况的短于6周的非特异性腰痛患者，通常不需要影像学检查：神经系统体征阴性，没有高危因素（发热，肿瘤，IVDA，肠或膀胱失禁，大于70岁，膀胱麻痹等）。
Patients with radiculopathy (sciatica) and are otherwise similar to the above also do not require emergent imaging
与上述情况类似的神经根痛（坐骨神经痛）患者，也不需要做急诊影像。